Section: New Results

ALORA: affine low-rank approximations

In [17] we introduce the concept of affine low-rank approximation for an $m\times n$ matrix, consisting in fitting its columns into an affine subspace of dimension at most $k<<\min (m,n)$. We show that the optimal affine approximation can be obtained by applying an orthogonal projection to the matrix before constructing its best approximation. Moreover, we present the algorithm ALORA that constructs an affine approximation by slightly modifying the application of any low-rank approximation method. We focus on approximations created with the classical QRCP and subspace iteration algorithms. For the former, we present a detailed analysis of the existing pivoting techniques and furthermore, we provide a bound for the error when an arbitrary pivoting technique is used. For the case of subspace iteration, we prove a result on the convergence of singular vectors, showing a bound that is in agreement with the one for convergence of singular values proved recently. Finally, we present numerical experiences using challenging matrices taken from different fields, showing good performance and validating the theoretical framework.