3.1.1 Tools for understanding applications

3.1.2 Remodularization analyses

3.1.3 Software Quality

3.2.1 Traits-based program reuse

3.2.2 Reconciling Dynamic Languages and Isolation

7.1.1 Moose

• Name: Moose: Software and Data Analysis Platform
• Keywords: Software engineering, Meta model, Software visualisation
• Functional Description: Moose is an extensive platform for software and data analysis. It offers multiple services ranging from importing and parsing data, to modeling, to measuring, querying, mining, and building interactive and visual analysis tools. The development of Moose has been evaluated to 200 person-years.
• URL: http://www.moosetechnology.org
• Contact: Stéphane Ducasse
• Participants: Anne Etien, Nicolas Anquetil, Stéphane Ducasse, Julien Delplanque, Cyril Ferlicot-Delbecque
• Partners: Université de Berne, Sensus, Pleiad, USI, Vrije Universiteit Brussel

7.1.2 Pharo

• Keywords: Live programmation objet, Reflective system, Web Application
• Functional Description: Pharo is a pure object reflective and dynamic language inspired by Smalltalk. In addition, Pharo comes with a full advanced programming environment developed under the MIT License. It provides a platform for innovative development both in industry and research. By providing a stable and small core system, excellent developer tools, and maintained releases, Pharo's goal is to be a platform to build and deploy mission critical applications, while at the same time continue to evolve. Pharo 60 got 100 contributors world-wide. It is used by around 30 universities, 15 research groups and around 40 companies.
• URL: http://www.pharo.org
• Contact: Marcus Denker
• Participants: Christophe Demarey, Damien Pollet, Esteban Lorenzano, Marcus Denker, Stéphane Ducasse, Guillermo Polito
• Partners: BetaNine, Reveal, Inceptive, Netstyle, Feenk, ObjectProfile, GemTalk Systems, Greyc Université de Caen - Basse-Normandie, Université de Berne, Yesplan, RMod, Pleiad, Sensus, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, École des Mines de Douai, ENSTA, Uqbar foundation Argentina, LAM Research, ZWEIDENKER, LifeWare, JPMorgan Chase, KnowRoaming, ENIT, Spesenfuchs, FINWorks, Esug, FAST, Ingenieubüro Schmidt, Projector Software, HRWorks, Inspired.org, Palantir Solutions, High Octane, Soops, Osoco, Ta Mère SCRL, University of Yaounde 1, Software Quality Laboratory, University of Novi Sad, Software Institute Università della Svizzera italiana, Universdad Nacional de Quilmes, UMMISCO IRD, Université technique de Prague

7.1.3 Pillar

• Keywords: HTML, LaTeX, HTML5
• Functional Description: Pillar is a markup syntax and associated tools to write and generate documentation and books. Pillar is currently used to write several books and other documentation. It is used in the tools developed by Feenk.com.
• URL: https://github.com/Pillar-markup/pillar
• Contact: Stéphane Ducasse
• Partner: Feenk

Sub-method, partial behavioral reflection with Reflectivity: Looking back on 10 years of use

Refining or altering existing behavior is the daily work of every developer, but that cannot be always anticipated, and software sometimes cannot be stopped. In such cases, unanticipated adaptation of running systems is of interest for many scenarios, ranging from functional upgrades to on-the-fly debugging or monitoring of critical applications. Inquiry. A way of altering software at run time is using behavioral reflection, which is particularly well-suited for unanticipated adaptation of real-world systems. Partial behavioral reflection is not a new idea, and for years many efforts have been made to propose a practical way of expressing it. All these efforts resulted in practical solutions, but which introduced a semantic gap between the code that requires adaptation and the expression of the partial behavior. For example, in Aspect-Oriented Programming, a pointcut description is expressed in another language, which introduces a new distance between the behavior expression (the Advice) and the source code in itself. Ten years ago, the idea of closing the gap between the code and the expression of the partial behavior led to the implementation of the Reflectivity framework. Using Reflectivity, developers annotate Abstract Syntax Tree (AST) nodes with meta-behavior which is taken into account by the compiler to produce behavioral variations. We present Reflectivity, its API, its implementation and its usage in Pharo. We reflect on ten years of use of Reflectivity, and show how it has been used as a basic building block of many innovative ideas. 1

A new modular implementation for Stateful Traits

The term traits is overloaded in the literature. In this work we refer to traits as the stateless model and implementation described before 44. Traits provide a flexible way to support multiple inheritance code reuse in the context of a single inheritance language. The Pharo programming language includes the second implementation of stateless traits based on the original version of Schaerli's one. Even if it is the second iteration of such an implementation, it presents several limitations. First, it does not support state in traits. Second, its implementation is monolithic, i.e., it is deeply coupled with the rest of the language kernel: it cannot be loaded nor unloaded. Furthermore, trait support impacts all classes, even classes not using traits. In addition, while the development tools include full support to work with classes, trait support is more limited because classes and traits do not present the same Metaobject Protocol (MOP). Finally, being monolithic and integrated in the language kernel, it is difficult to extend this current implementation. This article describes a new modular and extensible implementation of traits: it is easily loadable and unloadable as any other package. In addition, classes not using traits are not impacted. Finally, this new implementation includes a new and carefully designed Metaobject Protocol (MOP) that is compatible with both classes and traits. This allows one to reuse existing tools as they do not require special support for traits. Then, following the semantics proposed for stateful traits in 35, we present a new implementation of stateful traits. This implementation is an extension of our new modular implementation. We implemented modular traits using specialized metaclasses as our main language extension mechanism. By replacing the implementation we reduced the Pharo Language Kernel size by 15%. This model and implementation are used in production since Pharo 7.0 (January 2019). 3

Molecule: live prototyping with component-oriented programming

At Thales Defense Mission Systems, software products first go through an industrial prototyping phase. Prototyping are serious applications we experiment with our end-users during workshops. End-users have a central role in the design process of our products. They often ask for software modifications during demonstrations to experiment new ideas or to focus the existing design on their needs. We present how we combine Smalltalk's live-programming capabilities with software component models to obtain flexible and modular software designs in our context of live prototyping. We present Molecule, a Trait-based Lightweight Corba Component Model implementation in Pharo. Molecule components are standard Pharo classes using exclusively Traits to become software components. We benefit from the dynamic run-time modification capabilities of Pharo during demonstrations with our end-users, where we explore software designs in a lively way. 27

Preserving Instance State during Refactorings in Live Environments

An important activity of software evolution consists in applying refactorings to enhance the quality of the code without changing its behaviour. Having a proper refactoring tool is a must-to in any professional development environment. In addition, live programming allows faster development than the usual edit-compile-debug process. During live programming sessions, the developer can directly manipulate instances and modify the state of the running program. However, when a complex refactoring is performed, instances may be corrupted (i.e., their state is lost). For example, when pushing an instance variable to a superclass there is a moment where the superclass does not have yet acquired the new instance variable and the subclass does not have it any more. It means that the value assigned to this instance variable in existing instances is lost after the refactoring. This problem is not anecdotal since 36% of the refactorings described in Fowler's catalogue corrupt instances when used in a live programming context. There is a need to manually migrate, regenerate or reload instances from persistent sources. This manual fix lowers the usefulness of live programming. In this context of live programming, we propose, AtomicRefactoring, a new solution based on Dynamic Software Update to preserve the state of the application after performing refactorings. We provide a working extension to the existing refactoring tool developed for the language Pharo (a new offspring inheriting from Smalltalk), allowing application developers to perform complex refactorings preserving the live state of the running program. 4

Handling Error-Handling Errors: dealing with debugger bugs in Pharo

In Pharo, errors happening during the opening of a debugger provoke error-handling errors. The Pharo system then drops into a rudimentary emergency evaluator, which provides extremely limited debugging features. This is a real problem while developing debuggers, when debuggers are more subject to bugs. In addition, the Pharo debugging infrastructure exposes an heterogeneous, obscure interface with various usages and users. Therefore, trying to extend this infrastructure to cope with debuggers bugs is tedious. We present Oups, an improved debugger infrastructure for Pharo. Oups provides a unified interface as a single entry point to request the opening of debuggers. Upon a debugger opening request, Oups uses interchangeable debugger opening strategies to select which debugger to open. We implemented a strategy that allows for the debugging of a failing debugger by other debuggers instead of the emergency evaluator. Oups improves the resilience of the Pharo system for specific cases of error-handling errors that we analyse. 23

First Infrastructure and Experimentation in Echo-debugging

As applications get developed, bugs inevitably get introduced. Often, it is unclear why a given code change introduced a given bug. To find this causal relation and more effectively debug, developers can leverage the existence of a previous version of the code, without the bug. But traditional debug-ging tools are not designed for this type of work, making this operation tedious. In this article, we propose as exploratory work the echo-debugger, a tool to debug two different executions in parallel, and the Convergence Divergence Mapping (CDM) algorithm to locate all the control-flow divergences and convergences of these executions. In this exploratory work, we present the architecture of the tool and a scenario to solve a non trivial bug. 26

Object Miners: Acquire, Capture and Replay Objects to Track Elusive Bugs

Elusive bugs are difficult to observe and to reproduce. They are often caused by non-deterministic or unexpected events, inputs or computations. To track elusive bugs, it is necessary to narrow down the scope of the bug investiga- tion. This helps reproducing and observing very specific aspects of the program’s state and behavior. In object-oriented programs, it often comes down to finding and debugging specific objects. However, some objects are particularly hard to find. Typical hard cases are finding a temporary object or a single particular instance of a given class. This is the case when debugging UI elements, or programs with non-deterministic state. This capability of identifying objects of interest is crucial to the debugging of objects. Yet, debuggers addressing this problem only provide manual or limited ways to find such objects. We present Object Miners: a non-intrusive object-centric debugging approach for acquiring, capturing and replaying objects. We show how the miners acquire objects at run time from the sub-results of an instrumented expression. Miners capture objects with their execution context and replay them to freeze strategic parts of the execution, eliminating non-determinism. We present a Pharo implementation of Object Miners along with a performance and memory overhead evaluation. We present a debugger built on top of Object Miners, and demonstrate through a series of examples how the application of Object Miners facilitates the tracking of elusive bugs. These examples include the fixing of a non-deterministic bug in an IOT application, tooling support for object-centric debugging, and the tracking of a bug in a real-world program. 7

Framework-aware debugging with stack tailoring

Debugging applications that execute within a framework is not always easy: the call-stack offered to developers is often a mix-up of stack frames that belong to different frameworks, introducing an unnecessary noise that prevents developers from focusing on the debugging task. Moreover, relevant application code is not always available in the call-stack because it may have already returned, or is available in another thread. In such cases, manually gathering all relevant information from these different sources is not only cumbersome but also costly. We introduce Sarto, a call-stack instrumentation layer that allows developers to tailor the stack to make debugging framework-aware. The goal is to improve the quality and amount information present in the call-stack to reduce debugging time without impacting the execution time. Sarto proposes a set of six stack operations that combined hide irrelevant information, introduce missing information, and relate dispersed debugging sources before this is fed to the debugger. 18

Recommendations for Evolving Relational Databases

Relational databases play a central role in many information systems. Their schemas contain structural and behavioral entity descriptions. Databases must continuously be adapted to new requirements of a world in constant change while: (1) relational database management systems (RDBMS) do not allow inconsistencies in the schema; (2) stored procedure bodies are not meta-described in RDBMS such as PostgreSQL that consider their bodies as plain text. As a consequence, evaluating the impact of an evolution of the database schema is cumbersome, being essentially manual. We present a semi-automatic approach based on recommendations that can be compiled into a SQL patch fulfilling RDBMS constraints. To support recommendations, we designed a meta-model for relational databases easing computation of change impact. We performed an experiment to validate the approach by reproducing a real evolution on a database. The results of our experiment show that our approach can set the database in the same state as the one produced by the manual evolution in 75% less time. 2

Challenges for Layout Validation: Lessons Learned

Companies are migrating their software systems. The migration process contemplates many steps, UI migration is one of them. To validate the UI migration, most existing approaches rely on visual structure (DOM) comparison. However, in previous work, we experimented such validation and reported that it is not sufficient to ensure a result that is equivalent or even identical to the visual structure of the interface to be migrated. Indeed, two similar DOM may be rendered completely differently. So, we decide to focus on the layout migration validation. We propose a first visual comparison approach for migrated layout validation and experiment it on an industrial case. Hence, from this first experiment and already existing studies on image comparison field, we highlight challenges for layout comparison. For each challenge, we propose possible solutions, and we detail the three main features we need to create a good layout validation approach. 13

From Business Process to Cloud Application

Business Process (BP) development can be defined as the process of constructing a workflow application by composing a set of services performing BP's activities. In this respect, Cloud Services (CSs) are being increasingly used in BP development to ensure a high level of performance with a low operating cost. Although large companies may benefit from CSs' advantages, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) and startups are falling behind in cloud usage due to missing Information Technology competence, (IT-competence). The crucial challenge facing SMEs and startups in cloud-based BP development is to effectively address the so-called business and IT alignment issue. It represents the alignment between two different domains; one that entails technical cloud resource requirements and another comprising business-level. Formerly, we present this issue as a discovery challenge of suitable CSs performing abstract BP's activities. To address this challenge, firstly, we introduce the concept of cloud-aware BP by proposing a Domain-Specific Language (DSL) named “BP4Cloud” to enrich BP modeling and cover both business and technical requirements. Secondly, we propose an Activity-Services Matching algorithm that automates the discovery of CSs performing BP's activities. As a part of the evaluation, we set up by clarifying the specification of BP4Cloud elements through a proof of concept implementation applied on a real BP. Then, we proceed by evaluating the precision and recall of our Activity-Service Matching algorithm. 16

Modular Moose: A new generation software reverse engineering environment

Advanced reverse engineering tools are required to cope with the complexity of software systems and the specific requirements of numerous different tasks (re-architecturing, migration, evolution). Consequently, reverse engineering tools should adapt to a wide range of situations. Yet, because they require a large infrastructure investment, being able to reuse these tools is key. Moose is a reverse engineering environment answering these requirements. While Moose started as a research project 20 years ago, it is also used in industrial projects, exposing itself to all these difficulties. We present ModMoose, the new version of Moose. ModMoose revolves around a new meta-model, modular and extensible; a new toolset of generic tools (query module, visualization engine etc.); and an open architecture supporting the synchronization and interaction of tools per task. With ModMoose, tool developers can develop specific meta-models by reusing existing elementary concepts, and dedicated reverse engineering tools that can interact with the existing ones. 11

Analysing Microsoft Access Projects: Building a model in a Partially Observable Domain

Due to the technology evolution, every IT Company migrates their software systems at least once. Reengineering tools build system models which are used for running software analysis. These models are traditionally built from source code analysis and information accessible by data extractors (that we call such information observable). In this article we present the case of Microsoft Access projects and how this kind of project is partially observable due to proprietary storing formats. We propose a novel approach for building models that allows us to overcome this problem by reverse engineering the development environment runtime through the usage of Microsoft COM interface. We validate our approach and implementation by fully replicating 10 projects, 8 of them industrial, based only on our model information. We measure the repli-cation performance by measuring the errors during the process and completeness of the product. We measure the replication error, by tracking replication operations. We used the scope and completeness measure to enact this error. Completeness is measured by the instrumentation of a simple and scoped diff based on a third source of information. We present extensive results and interpretations. We discuss the threats to validity, the possibility of other approaches and the technological restrictions of our solution. 12

Suggesting Descriptive Method Names: An Exploratory Study of Two Machine Learning Approaches

Programming is a form of communication between the person who is writing code and the one reading it. Nevertheless, very often developers neglect readability, and even well-written code becomes less understandable as software evolves. Together with the growing complexity of software systems, this creates an increasing need for automated tools for improving the readability of source code. In this work, we focus on method names and study how a descriptive name can be automatically generated from a method's body. We experiment with two approaches from the field of text summarization: One based on TF-IDF and the other on deep recurrent neural network. We collect a dataset of methods from 50 real world projects. We evaluate our approaches by comparing the generated names to the actual ones and report the result using Precision and Recall metrics. For TF-IDF, we get results as good as 28% precision and 45% recall; and for deep neural network, 46% precision and 32% recall. 20

Characterizing Pharo Code: A Technical Report

Pharo is a modern dynamically-typed reflective pure object-oriented language. It is inspired from Smalltalk. Its unconventional syntax mimics natural language: arguments are not grouped around parentheses at the end but within the message, making expressions looks like sentences. In addition, all control flow operations are expressed as messages and the programmer can freely define new ones and as such define Domain Specific Languages for his task. In this technical report we discuss the statistical properties of source code that people write using Pharo programming language. We present the methodology and tooling for analysing source code selected from the projects of Pharo ecosystem. By analysing 50 projects, consisting of 824 packages, 13 935 classes, and 151 717 methods, we answer questions such as “what is a typical method length?” or “what percent of source code are literals?”. 29

An Organized Repository of Ethereum Smart Contracts’ Source Codes and Metrics

Many empirical software engineering studies show that there is a need for repositories where source codes are acquired, filtered and classified. During the last few years, Ethereum block explorer services have emerged as a popular project to explore and search for Ethereum blockchain data such as transactions, addresses, tokens, smart contracts’ source codes, prices and other activities taking place on the Ethereum blockchain. Despite the availability of this kind of service, retrieving specific information useful to empirical software engineering studies, such as the study of smart contracts’ software metrics, might require many subtasks, such as searching for specific transactions in a block, parsing files in HTML format, and filtering the smart contracts to remove duplicated code or unused smart contracts. We afford this problem by creating Smart Corpus, a corpus of smart contracts in an organized, reasoned and up-to-date repository where Solidity source code and other metadata about Ethereum smart contracts can easily and systematically be retrieved. We present Smart Corpus’s design and its initial implementation, and we show how the data set of smart contracts’ source codes in a variety of programming languages can be queried and processed to get useful information on smart contracts and their software metrics. Smart Corpus aims to create a smart-contract repository where smart-contract data (source code, application binary interface (ABI) and byte code) are freely and immediately available and are classified based on the main software metrics identified in the scientific literature. Smart contracts’ source codes have been validated by EtherScan, and each contract comes with its own associated software metrics as computed by the freely available software PASO. Moreover, Smart Corpus can be easily extended as the number of new smart contracts increases day by day. 8

Towards a Smart Data Processing and Storage Model

In several domains it is crucial to store and manipulate data whose origin needs to be completely traceable to guarantee the consistency, trustworthiness and reliability on the data itself typically for ethical and legal reasons. It is also important to guarantee that such properties are also carried further when such data is composed and processed into new data. In this article we present the main requirements and theorethical problems that arise by the design of a system supporting data with such capabilities. We present an architecture for implementing a system as well as a prototype developed in Pharo. 28

An Interdisciplinary Model for Graphical Representation

The paper questions whether data-driven and problem-driven models are sufficient for a software to automatically represent a meaningful graphi-cal representation of scientific findings. The paper presents descriptive and prescriptive case studies to understand the benefits and the shortcomings of existing models that aim to provide graphical representations of data-sets. First, the paper considers data-sets coming from the field of software metrics and shows that existing models can provide the expected outcomes for descriptive scientific studies. Second, the paper presents data-sets coming from the field of human mobility and sustainable development, and shows that a more comprehensive model is needed in the case of prescriptive scientific fields requiring interdisciplinary research. Finally, an interdisciplinary problem-driven model is proposed to guide the software users, and specifically scientists, to produce meaningful graphical representation of research findings. The proposal is indeed based not only on a data-driven and/or problem-driven model but also on the different knowledge domains and scientific aims of the experts, who can provide the information needed for a higher-order structure of the data, supporting the graphical representation output. 19

15 years of reuse experience in evolutionary prototyping for the defense industry

At Thales Defense Mission Systems, software products first go through an industrial prototyping phase. We elaborate evolutionary prototypes which implement complete business behavior and fulfill functional requirements. We elaborate and evolve our solutions directly with end-users who act as stake-holders in the products' design. Prototypes also serve as models for the final products development. Because software products in the defense industry are developed over many years, this prototyping phase is crucial. Therefore, reusing software is a high-stakes issue in our activities. Component-oriented development helps us to foster reuse throughout the life cycle of our products. The work stems from 15 years of experience in developing prototypes for the defense industry. We directly reuse component implementations to build new prototypes from existing ones. We reuse component interfaces transparently in multiple prototypes, whatever the underlying implementation solutions. This kind of reuse spans prototypes and final products which are deployed on different execution platforms. We reuse non-component legacy software that we integrate in our component architectures. In this case, we seamlessly augment standard classes with component behavior, while preserving legacy code. We present our component programming framework with a focus on component reuse in the context of evolutionary prototyping. We report three scenarios of reuse that we encounter regularly in our prototyping activity. 17

Pharo Consortium

Participants: Esteban Lorenzano, Marcus Denker, Stéphane Ducasse.

• From 2012, ongoing.
• The Pharo Consortium was founded in 2012 and is growing constantly. By the end 2019, it has 25 company members, 19 academic partners. Inria supports the consortium with one full time engineer starting in 2011. In 2018, the Pharo Consortium joined InriaSoft.
• http://consortium.pharo.org

Siemens AG, Germany

Participants: Stéphane Ducasse, Anne Etien, Nicolas Anquetil.

• The Siemens Digital Industry Division approached our team to help them restructure a large legacy systems. The joined work resulted in the publication “Decomposing God Classes at Siemens”  32.

Thales DMS, Brest

Participants: Steven Costiou.

• Industrial R&D collaboration with Dr. Éric Le Pors, lead prototyping architect at Thales DMS (Brest). We work on 1) unanticipated object-centric debugging of HMI prototypes 2) we study the practices of Thales with software component reuse and its impact on their development process.

Berger-Levrault: Remodularization of Architecture

Participants: Nicolas Anquetil, Santiago Bragagnolo, Stéphane Ducasse, Anne Etien, Benoît Verhaeghe.

• From 2017, ongoing.
• We started a new collaboration with the software editor Berger-Levrault about software architecture remodularization. The collaboration started with an end study project exploring the architecture used in the company in order to later migrate from GWT to Angular since GWT will not be backward supported anymore in the next versions. A PhD CIFRE thesis started in 2019: Benoît Verhaeghe, Support a l'automatisation de la migration d'interface d'applications Web : le cas de GWT vers Angular. Santiago Bragagnol started a CIFRE in 2020.

Arolla: Machine Learning-Based Recommenders to Support Software Evolution and Visualisations for Legacy Systems

Participants: Nicolas Anquetil, Stéphane Ducasse, Anne Etien, Oleksandr Zaitsev, Nour Jihene Agouf.

• We are collaborating with the council company, Arolla, on software evolution. Arolla has daily problems with identifying architecture, design, and deviations from those artefacts. The goal of Oleksandr's CIFRE thesis (started in 2019) is to experiment with different machine learning techniques that can help us automate the process of library migration. A new CIFRE PhD (from 2021) is focusing on the study of visualisation techniques that can help us understand legacy systems.

CIM

Participants: Mahugnon Honoré Houekpetodji, Stéphane Ducasse, Nicolas Anquetil.

• CIFRE thesis entitled “Analyse multi-facettes et operationnelle pour la transformation des systèmes d'information”.

Lifeware, Switzerland

• In collaboration with the Pharo Consortium, we improve Pharo. The goal is to be able to work with very large systems ($>$100K classes, millions of methods).

10.1.1 Inria Associate Team

10.1.2 Inria international partners

10.2.1 Visits of international scientists

• Antonio Wendell de Oliveira Rodrigues [Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology in Ceará, Brazil; Invited Professor via Université de Lille, remotely due to the COVID pandemic]
• Gordana Rakic [University of Novi Sad, Serbia, from Nov 2019 until Feb 2020]
• Moussa Saker [University Badji Mokhtar-Annaba, Algeria, until Oct 2020, partly remote due to Covid]
• Giuseppe Antonio Pierro [University of Cagliari, Italy]

10.2.2 Visits to international teams

Due to Covid, no visits were possible in 2020.

10.3.1 FP7 & H2020 Projects

RMOD is part of the COST project CERCIRAS: Connecting Education and Research Communities for an Innovative Resource Aware Society.

https://www.cost.eu/actions/CA19135

CAR IMT Douai

Participants: Pablo Tesone, Guillermo Polito, Marcus Denker, Stéphane Ducasse.

• Partners: L. Fabresse and N. Bouraqadi (IMT Douai)
• From 2009, ongoing
• We have signed a convention with the CAR team led by Noury Bouraqadi of IMT Douai. In this context we co-supervised three PhD students (Mariano Martinez-Peck, Nick Papoylias and Guillermo Polito). The team is also an important contributor and supporting organization of the Pharo project.

CPER DATA 2: Smart Data

Participants: Marcus Denker, Stéphane Ducasse, Ronnie Salgado Faila.

• Funding to work on exploring advanced data models integrating provisions for traceability, revocation and ownership.

CPER DATA 1: PharoIoT

Participants: Marcus Denker, Stéphane Ducasse, Allex Oliveira.

• Partners: L. Fabresse and N. Bouraqadi (IMT Douai)
• From 2018 to 2020.
• Funding to work on the PharoIoT platform in collaboration with IMT Douai. Allex Oliveira has started to explore the possibility to create a startup with this technology.

11.1.1 Scientific events: organisation

M. Denker and S. Ducasse are organisers of the ESUG international conference and summer school. It was cancelled in 2020.

http://www.esug.org

11.1.2 Leadership within the scientific community

• GT GLIA working group of the CNRS GDR GPL: Anne Etien is co-leader of the GT GLIA working group of the CNRS GDR-GPL (Software Engineering and artificial intelligence)
• GT Debugging working group of the CNRS GDR GPL: Steven Costiou is leader of the GT Debugging working group of the CNRS GDR GPL.

11.1.3 Scientific expertise

• Nicolas Anquetil: expert for the French government on CIR Research Tax Credit.
• Anne Etien: expert for the French government on CIR Research Tax Credit.
• Stéphane Ducasse: expert for the French government on CIR Research Tax Credit.
• Anne Etien: expert for the ANRT to evaluate CIFRE PhD proposal.

11.1.4 Research administration

• Anne Etien animates the thematic group of Software Engineering and is member of scientific council of CRIStAL lab.
• Anne Etien is elected member of the center committee of Inria Lille – Nord Europe center.

11.2.1 Teaching

• Master: Marcus Denker, 2 hours, Advanced Reflection. MetaLinks, VUB Brussels, Belgium.
• Master: Steven Costiou, Programmation orientée objet, Centrale Lille, 5h CM 5hTD
• Master: Steven Costiou, Live IoT avec Pharo, Polytech Lille, 6h CM 14hTP
• Master: Steven Costiou, Conception et modélisation objet, Polytech Lille, 12h CM 12hTD
• Master: Steven Costiou, Fondamentaux du debugging, Université de Lille, 8h CM, 8hTD
• Licence: Anne Etien, Programmation par objet, 50h, L3, Polytech Lille
• Master: Anne Etien, Test et Maintenance logicielle, 24h, M1, Polytech Lille
• Licence: Anne Etien, Introduction à la programmation, 40h, L1, Université de Lille
• Licence: Anne Etien, Technique du Web, 18, L2, Université de Lille
• Licence: Anne Etien, Introduction aux Bases de données, 36h, L3, Université de Lille
• Licence: Anne Etien, Bases de données relationnelles, 32h, L3, Université de Lille
• Licence: Vincent Aranega, Programmation Python, 56h, L1, Université de Lille, France
• Master: Vincent Aranega, Paradigme de Programmation par la Pratique, 80h, M1, Université de Lille, France
• Licence: Vincent Aranega, Pratique du C, 42h, L2, Université de Lille, France
• Licence: Vincent Aranega, Meta programmation Objet Avancé, 10h, L3, Université de Lille, France
• Licence: Vincent Aranega, Programmation avancée, 32h, L3, Polytech-Lille, France
• License: Damien Pollet, Introduction à la programmation, 40h, L1, Université de Lille
• License: Damien Pollet, Conception Orientée Objet, 18h, L3, Université de Lille
• License: Damien Pollet, Programmation des Systèmes, 21h, L3, Université de Lille
• License: Damien Pollet, Option Meta, 23h, L3, Université de Lille
• Master: Damien Pollet, Programmation Java, 40h, L3, Institut Mines-Telecom
• Master: Damien Pollet, Programmation Java avancée, 22h, L3, Institut Mines-Telecom
• Master: Damien Pollet, Techniques des Systèmes d'Information Ouverts, 17h, M1, Institut Mines-Telecom
• Master: Damien Pollet, Techniques des Systèmes d'Information Ouverts, 17h, M1, Institut Mines-Telecom
• Master: Damien Pollet, Ingénierie du Logiciel, 14h, M1, Institut Mines-Telecom
• Licence: Nicolas Anquetil, Principes des Système d'Exploitation, 37h, L2, IUT-A, Université de Lille, France
• Licence: Nicolas Anquetil, Conception OO Avancée, 48h, L2, IUT- A, Université de Lille, France
• Licence: Nicolas Anquetil, Modélisation Mathématique, 13h, L2, IUT-A, Université de Lille, France
• Licence: Nicolas Anquetil, Production d'Application, 30h, L2, IUT-A, Université de Lille, France
• Licence: Nicolas Anquetil, Programation Mobile, 30h, L2, IUT-A, Université de Lille, France
• Licence: Nicolas Anquetil, Projets Agiles, 12h, L2, IUT-A, Université de Lille, France
• Licence: Nicolas Anquetil, Interfaces Hommes-Machines, 32h, L2, IUT-A, Université de Lille, France
• Master: Santiago Bragagnolo, Navigation autonome, 28h, CM, M1, ISEN
• Master: Santiago Bragagnolo, Initiation aux technologies Blockchain, 6h, CM, M2, Universite de lille (MFCA)
• License: Santiago Bragagnolo, Tp Programmation Orientée Objet, 20h, Tp, M1 (Gis4), Polytech de Lille
• Master: Santiago Bragagnolo, Projet Programmation Orientée Objet, 24h, Tp, M1 (Gis4), Polytech de Lille
• License: Santiago Bragagnolo, Projet Programmation Orientée Objet, 24h, TP, L3 (Gis3), Polytech de Lille
• License: Thomas Dupriez, TD Algorithmique et Programmation, 18h, Td, L1, Université de Lille
• License: Thomas Dupriez, TP Algorithmique et Programmation, 18h, Tp, L1, Université de Lille
• License: Thomas Dupriez, Stage Unix, 12h, Tp, L2, Université de Lille

11.2.2 E-learning

• Pharo Mooc, 7 weeks, Licences and Master students

11.2.3 Supervision

• PhD: Julien Delplanque, Software Engineering Techniques Applied to Databases, Sep 2020, Anne Etien, Nicolas Anquetil
• PhD in progress: Oleksandr Zaitsev, Machine Learning-Based Tools to Support Software Evolution, started Jul 2019, Stéphane Ducasse, Nicolas Anquetil
• PhD in progress: Benoît Verhaeghe, Support à l’automatisation de la migration d’interface d’applications Web : le cas de GWT vers Angular, started Jan 2019, Anne Etien, Nicolas Anquetil
• PhD in progress: Théo Rogliano, On multiple language kernel, started Oct 2019, Stéphane Ducasse, Luc Fabresse
• PhD in progress: Pierre Misse-Chanabier, Modular, green, versatile Virtual Machines, started Oct 2019, Stéphane Ducasse, Noury Bouraqadi
• PhD in progress: Thomas Dupriez, New Generation Debugger and Application Monitoring, started Oct 2018, Stéphane Ducasse, Steven Costiou, Guillermo Polito
• PhD in progress: Mahugnon Honoré Houekpetodji, Multi-Facet Actionable for Information System Rejuvenation, SPI Lille, France, Stéphane Ducasse, Nicolas Anquetil, Nicolas Dias, Jérome Sudich
• PhD in progress: Carolina Hernández, Tools for MicroKernels Guillermo Polito and Luc Fabresse
• PhD in progress: Santiago Bragagnolo Migration de programmes légataires vers des architectures Web: le cas de de la migration de programmes Microsoft Access vers Angular / Microservices, CIFRE Berger-Levrault, Stéphane Ducasse, Nicolas Anquetil.
• PhD in progress: Maximilian Ignacio Willembrinck Santander, Scriptable Time-Traveling Debuggers, since Oct 2020, Inria, Anne Etien, Steven Costiou

11.2.4 Juries

• Anne Etien was the president of the PhD defense of José Lozano Aparicio on December 14, 2020: Data Exchange from Relational Databases to RDF with Target Shape Schemas.

11.3.1 Internal or external Inria responsibilities

• Inria Academy lectures (Stéphane Ducasse).
• Master class organised by Inria Chile “Advanced Design in Pharo” (Stéphane Ducasse).

11.3.2 Articles and contents

http://books.pharo.org contains two collections of books a technological one and a textbook one. Both collections are edited by S. Ducasse.

11.3.3 Education

A new version of the MOOC for Pharo was released (Stéphane Ducasse) for its fourth iteration. 70 new videos got produced. http://mooc.pharo.org

11.3.4 Interventions

• We have organized a FOSDEM 2020 participation for Pharo

  • Talk: A minimal pure object-oriented reflective language, Stéphane Ducasse / Pablo Tesone - FOSDEM 2020, Brussels, Belgium - 2/2/2020

    https://archive.fosdem.org/2020/schedule/event/pharominimalreflectivelang/

  • Talk: Bootstrapping minimal reflective language kernels, Carolina Hernandez - FOSDEM 2020, Brussels, Belgium - 2/2/2020

    https://archive.fosdem.org/2020/schedule/event/pharominimalrefllangkernels/

  • Talk: Pocket infrastructures to bridge reproducible research, live coding, civic hacktivism and data feminism for/from the Global South - FOSDEM 2020, Brussels, Belgium - 01/02/2020

    https://archive.fosdem.org/2020/schedule/event/open_research_pocket_infrastructures/

• Multiple public remote Pharo Sprints in Lille. https://association.pharo.org events
• Talk: Vincent Aranega presentation for Brazil.

• Talk: JIT Compiler Infrastructure Talk in “Workshop Sistemas de Información”, Pablo Tesone - Facultad Regional Delta - Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, Campana, Argentina. 15/07/2020

  https://sistemaseventos.frd.utn.edu.ar/?page_id=27

International journals

• 5 article SantiagoS. Bragagnolo, NicolasN. Anquetil, StéphaneS. Ducasse, AbderrahmaneA. Seriai and MustaphaM. Derras. Software Migration: A Theoretical Framework (A Grounded Theory approach on Systematic Literature Review) Empirical Software Engineering 2021
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• 6 article StevenS. Costiou, VincentV. Aranega and MarcusM. Denker. Sub-method, partial behavioral reflection with Reflectivity: Looking back on 10 years of use The Art, Science, and Engineering of Programming 4 3 February 2020
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• 7 articleStevenS. Costiou, MickaëlM. Kerboeuf, ClotildeC. Toullec, AlainA. Plantec and Sté́phaneS. Ducasse. Object Miners: Acquire, Capture and Replay Objects to Track Elusive Bugs.The Journal of Object Technology1912020, 1:1
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• 8 articleGiuseppe AntonioG. Pierro, RobertoR. Tonelli and MicheleM. Marchesi. An Organized Repository of Ethereum Smart Contracts’ Source Codes and MetricsFuture internet1211November 2020, 197
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• 9 article PabloP. Tesone, StéphaneS. Ducasse, GuillermoG. Polito, LucL. Fabresse and NouryN. Bouraqadi. A new modular implementation for Stateful Traits Science of Computer Programming 195 April 2020
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• 10 article PabloP. Tesone, GuillermoG. Polito, LucL. Fabresse, NouryN. Bouraqadi and StéphaneS. Ducasse. Preserving Instance State during Refactorings in Live Environments Future Generation Computer Systems 2020
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International peer-reviewed conferences

• 11 inproceedings NicolasN. Anquetil, AnneA. Etien, Mahugnon HM. Houekpetodji, BenoitB. Verhaeghe, StéphaneS. Ducasse, ClotildeC. Toullec, FatihaF. Djareddir, JerômeJ. Sudich and MoustaphaM. Derras. Modular Moose: A new generation software reverse engineering environment International Conference on Software Reuse Tunis, Tunisia October 2020
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• 12 inproceedings SantiagoS. Bragagnolo, NicolasN. Anquetil, StéphaneS. Ducasse, AbderrahmaneA. Seriai and MustaphaM. Derras. Analysing Microsoft Access Projects: Building a model in a Partially Observable Domain ICSR 2020 Hammamet, Tunisia December 2020
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• 13 inproceedings SantiagoS. Bragagnolo, BenoîtB. Verhaeghe, AbderrahmaneA. Seriai, MustaphaM. Derras and AnneA. Etien. Challenges for Layout Validation: Lessons Learned QUATIC 2020 - 13th International Conference on the Quality of Information and Communications Technology Faro, Portugal September 2020
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• 14 inproceedings JulienJ. Delplanque, AnneA. Etien, NicolasN. Anquetil and StéphaneS. Ducasse. Recommendations for Evolving Relational Databases CAiSE 2020 - 32nd International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering Grenoble, France June 2020
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• 15 inproceedings StéphaneS. Ducasse, LaurineL. Dargaud and GuillermoG. Polito. Microdown: a clean and extensible markup language to support Pharo documentation International Workshop of Smalltalk Technologies virtual, France November 2020
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• 16 inproceedings HamdiH. Gabsi, RimR. Drira, HendaH. Hajjami Ben Ghézala and StéphaneS. Ducasse. From Business Process to Cloud Application IBIMA 2020 - International Business Information Management Association Conference Seville, Spain April 2020
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• 17 inproceedings PierreP. Laborde, StevenS. Costiou, ÉricÉ. Le Pors and AlainA. Plantec. 15 years of reuse experience in evolutionary prototyping for the defense industry International Conference on Software and Systems Reuse Hammamet, Tunisia December 2020
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• 18 inproceedingsMatteoM. Marra, GuillermoG. Polito and ElisaE. Gonzalez Boix. Framework-aware debugging with stack tailoringSPLASH '20: Conference on Systems, Programming, Languages, and Applications, Software for HumanityVirtual USA, United StatesACMNovember 2020, 71-84
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• 19 inproceedings Giuseppe AntonioG. Pierro, AlexandreA. Bergel, RobertoR. Tonelli and StéphaneS. Ducasse. An Interdisciplinary Model for Graphical Representation CIFMA 2020 - 2nd International Workshop on Cognition: Interdisciplinary Foundations, Models and Applications Amsterdam / Virtual, Netherlands October 2020
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• 20 inproceedings OleksandrO. Zaitsev, StéphaneS. Ducasse, AlexandreA. Bergel and MathieuM. Eveillard. Suggesting Descriptive Method Names: An Exploratory Study of Two Machine Learning Approaches QUATIC 2020 - 13th International Conference on the Quality of Information and Communications Technology Faro / Virtual, Portugal September 2020
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Scientific books

• 21 book OlivierO. Auverlot, StéphaneS. Ducasse and LucL. Fabresse. TinyBlog: Develop your First Web App with Pharo Square Bracket Associates April 2020
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Reports & preprints

• 22 report StevenS. Costiou, ThomasT. Dupriez and StéphaneS. Ducasse. New Generation Debuggers: Défis du GDRGPL 2020 Inria Lille - Nord Europe; GDR GPL November 2020
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• 23 misc StevenS. Costiou, ThomasT. Dupriez and DamienD. Pollet. Handling Error-Handling Errors: dealing with debugger bugs in Pharo: Preprint from IWST20: International Workshop on Smalltalk Technologies November 2020
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• 24 report JulienJ. Delplanque, AnneA. Etien, NicolasN. Anquetil and StéphaneS. Ducasse. Recommendations for Evolving Relational Databases: Technical Report Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Inria UMR 9189 - CRIStAL,INRIA Lille Nord Europe, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France March 2020
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• 25 report MarcusM. Denker, NicolasN. Anquetil, VincentV. Aranega, StevenS. Costiou, StéphaneS. Ducasse, AnneA. Etien and DamienD. Pollet. Project-Team RMoD 2019 Activity Report INRIA March 2020
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• 26 misc ThomasT. Dupriez, StevenS. Costiou and StéphaneS. Ducasse. First Infrastructure and Experimentation in Echo-debugging: Preprint from IWST20: International Workshop on Smalltalk Technologies November 2020
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• 27 misc PierreP. Laborde, StevenS. Costiou, AlainA. Plantec and EricE. Le Pors. Molecule: live prototyping with component-oriented programming: Preprint from IWST20: International Workshop on Smalltalk Technologies Novi Sad, Serbia November 2020
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• 28 misc RonieR. Salgado, MarcusM. Denker, StéphaneS. Ducasse, AnneA. Etien and VincentV. Aranega. Towards a Smart Data Processing and Storage Model: Preprint from IWST20: International Workshop on Smalltalk Technologies Novi Sad, Serbia November 2020
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• 29 report OleksandrO. Zaitsev, StéphaneS. Ducasse and NicolasN. Anquetil. Characterizing Pharo Code: A Technical Report Inria Lille Nord Europe - Laboratoire CRIStAL - Université de Lille; Arolla January 2020
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Other scientific publications

• 30 thesis NicolasN. Margulies. Méta-interprétation pour la génération de compilateur Just-In-Time University Lille 1 September 2020
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