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ELAN - 2022
2022
Activity report
Project-Team
ELAN
RNSR: 201722615M
Team name:
modELing the Appearance of Nonlinear phenomena
In collaboration with:
Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK)
Domain
Applied Mathematics, Computation and Simulation
Theme
Numerical schemes and simulations
Creation of the Project-Team: 2019 August 01

Keywords

Computer Science and Digital Science

  • A2.5. Software engineering
  • A5.5.4. Animation
  • A6.1.1. Continuous Modeling (PDE, ODE)
  • A6.1.4. Multiscale modeling
  • A6.1.5. Multiphysics modeling
  • A6.2.1. Numerical analysis of PDE and ODE
  • A6.2.5. Numerical Linear Algebra
  • A6.2.6. Optimization
  • A6.2.7. High performance computing
  • A6.2.8. Computational geometry and meshes
  • A6.3.1. Inverse problems
  • A6.5. Mathematical modeling for physical sciences
  • A6.5.1. Solid mechanics
  • A6.5.2. Fluid mechanics
  • A6.5.3. Transport
  • A9.2. Machine learning

Other Research Topics and Application Domains

  • B1.1.2. Molecular and cellular biology
  • B3.3.1. Earth and subsoil
  • B5.5. Materials
  • B9.2.2. Cinema, Television
  • B9.5.3. Physics
  • B9.5.5. Mechanics

1 Team members, visitors, external collaborators

Research Scientists

  • Florence Descoubes [Team leader, INRIA, Senior Researcher, HDR]
  • Thibaut Metivet [INRIA, Researcher]
  • Victor Romero Gramegna [INRIA, Researcher]

PhD Students

  • Emile Hohnadel [ENS DE LYON]
  • Jean Jouve [ENS RENNES]
  • Nicolas Parent [INRIA, until Feb 2022]
  • Alexandre Teixeira Da Silva [INRIA]

Technical Staff

  • Laurence Boissieux [INRIA]

Interns and Apprentices

  • Octave Crespel [INRIA, from Feb 2022]

Administrative Assistant

  • Julia Di Toro [INRIA]

2 Overall objectives

Elan is a young research team of Inria and Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (UMR 5224), with an original positioning across Computer Graphics and Computational Mechanics. The team is focussed on the design of predictive, robust, efficient, and controllable numerical models for capturing the shape and motion of visually rich mechanical phenomena, such as the buckling of an elastic ribbon, the flowing of sand, or the entangling of large fiber assemblies. Target applications encompass the digital entertainment industry (e.g., feature film animation, special effects), as well as virtual prototyping for the mechanical engineering industry (e.g., aircraft manufacturing, cosmetology); though very different, these two application fields require predictive and scalable models for capturing complex mechanical phenomena at the macroscopic scale. An orthogonal objective is the improvement of our understanding of natural physical and biological processes involving slender structures and frictional contact, through active collaborations with soft matter physicists. To achieve its goals, the team strives to master as finely as possible the entire modeling pipeline, involving a pluridisciplinary combination of scientific skills across Mechanics and Physics, Applied Mathematics, and Computer Science.

3 Research program

Thanks to an original and transverse positioning across Computer Graphics and Computa- tional Mechanics, complemented by tight connections with physicists, our goal is to tackle some challenging numerical modelling issues related to complex macroscopic phenomena characterised by a nonlinear mechanical behaviour and rich geometrical deformations. One major ambition of the Elan team is to favour interactions between all the relevant communities, with two objectives: 1/ significantly improve our understanding and modelling capabilities of complex mechanical phenomena, in tight connection with physicists, and 2/ better anticipate practical solutions for the wide diversity of exciting applications to come in the near future. We propose in particular to focus on three research axes, detailed below.

3.1 Discrete modelling of slender elastic structures

For the last 15 years, we have investigated new discrete models for solving the Kirchhoff dynamic equations for thin elastic rods  18, 20, 23. All our models share a curvature-based spatial discretisation, allowing them to capture inextensibility of the rod intrinsically, without the need for adding any kinematic constraint. Moreover, elastic forces boil down to linear terms in the dynamic equations, making them well-suited for implicit integration. Interestingly, our discretisation methodology can be interpreted from two different points-of-views. From the finite-elements point-of-view, our strain-based discrete schemes can be seen as discontinuous Galerkin methods of zero and first orders. From the multibody system dynamics point of view, our discrete models can be interpreted as deformable Lagrangian systems in finite dimension, for which a dedicated community has started to grow recently  45. We note that adopting the multibody system dynamics point of view helped us formulate a linear-time integration scheme  19, which had only be investigated in the case of multibody rigid bodies dynamics so far.

High-order spatial discretisation schemes for rods, ribbons and shells

Our goal is to investigate similar high-order modelling strategies for surfaces, in particular for the case of inextensible ribbons and shells. Elastic ribbons have been scarcely studied in the past, but they are nowadays drawing more and more the attention from physicists  33, 42. Their numerical modelling remains an open challenge. In contrast to ribbons, a huge litterature exists for shells, both from a theoretical and numerical viewpoints (see, e.g., 37, 24). However, no real consensus has been obtained so far about a unified nonlinear shell theory able to support large displacements. In  21 we have started building an inextensible shell patch by taking as degrees of freedom the curvatures of its mid-surface, expressed in the local frame. As in the super-helix model, we show that when taking curvatures uniform over the element, each term of the equations of motion may be computed in closed-form; besides, the geometry of the element corresponds to a cylinder patch at each time step. Compared to the 1D (rod) case however, some difficulties arise in the 2D (plate/shell) case, where compatibility conditions are to be treated carefully. In 2 we have proposed a new, curvature-based discretisation for a developable ribbon (i.e., a narrow plate), which we plan to extend for building an inextensible plate model.

Numerical continuation of rod equilibria in the presence of unilateral constraints

In Alejandro Blumentals' PhD thesis  22, we have adopted an optimal control point of view on the static problem of thin elastic rods, and we have shown that direct discretisation methods 1 are particularly well-suited for dealing with scenarios involving both bilateral and unilateral constraints (such as contact). We would like to investigate how our formulations extend to continuation problems, where the goal is to follow a certain branch of equilibria when the rod is subject to some varying constraints (such as one fixed end being applied a constant rotation). To the best of our knowledge, classical continuation methods used for rods  34 are not able to deal with non-persistent or sliding contact.

3.2 Discrete and continuous modelling of frictional contact

Most popular approaches in Computer Graphics and Mechanical Engineering consist in assuming that the objects in contact are locally compliant, allowing them to slightly penetrate each other. This is the principle of penalty-based methods (or molecular dynamics), which consists in adding mutual repulsive forces of the form kf(δ), where δ is the penetration depth detected at current time step  25, 41. Though simple to implement and computationally efficient, the penalty-based method often fails to prevent excessive penetration of the contacting objects, which may prove fatal in the case of thin objects as those may just end up traversing each other. One solution might be to set the stiffness factor k to a large enough value, however this causes the introduction of parasitical high frequencies and calls for very small integration steps  17. Penalty-based approaches are thus generally not satisfying for ensuring robust contact handling.

In the same vein, the friction law between solid objects, or within a yield-stress fluid (used to model foam, sand, or cement, which, unlike water, cannot flow beyond a certain threshold), is commonly modeled using a regularised friction law (sometimes even with simple viscous forces), for the sake of simplicity and numerical tractability (see e.g., 44, 36). Such a model cannot capture the threshold effect that characterises friction between contacting solids or within a yield-stress fluid. The nonsmooth transition between sticking and sliding is however responsible for significant visual features, such as the complex patterns resting on the outer surface of hair, the stable formation of sand piles, or typical stick-slip instabilities occurring during motion.

The search for a realistic, robust and stable frictional contact method encouraged us to depart from those, and instead to focus on rigid contact models coupled to the exact nonsmooth Coulomb law for friction (and respectively, to the exact nonsmooth Drucker-Prager law in the case of a fluid), which better integrate the effects of frictional contact at the macroscopic scale. This motivation was the sense of the hiring of F. Bertails-Descoubes in 2007 in the Inria/LJK Bipop team, specialised in nonsmooth mechanics and related convex optimisation methods. In the line of F. Bertails-Descoubes's work performed in the Bipop team, the Elan team keeps on including some active research on the finding of robust frictional contact algorithms specialised for slender deformable structures.

Optimised algorithms for large nodal systems in frictional contact

In the fibre assembly case, the resulting mass matrix M is block-diagonal, so that the Delassus operator can be computed in an efficient way by leveraging sparse-block computations  27. This justifies solving the reduced discrete frictional contact problem where primary unknowns are forces, as usually advocated in nonsmooth mechanics  39. For cloth however, where primal variables (nodal velocities of the cloth mesh) are all interconnected via elasticity through implicit forces, the method developed above is computationally inefficient. Indeed, the matrix M (only block-sparse, but not block-diagonal) is costly to invert for large systems and its inverse is dense. Recently, we have leveraged the fact that generalised velocities of the system are 3D velocities, which simplifies the discrete contact problem when contacts occur at the nodes. Combined with a multiresolution strategy, we have devised an algorithm able to capture exact Coulomb friction constraints at contact, while retaining computational efficiency  40. This work also supports cloth self-contact and cloth multilayering. How to enrich the interaction model with, e.g., cohesion, remains an open question. The experimental validation of our frictional contact model is also one of our goals in the medium run.

Continuum modelling of granular and fibrous media

Though we have recently made progress on the continuum formulation and solving of granular materials in Gilles Daviet's PhD thesis  30, 28, 26, we are still far from a continuum description of a macroscopic dry fibrous medium such as hair. One key ingredient that we have not been considering in our previous models is the influence of air inside divided materials. Typically, air plays a considerable role in hair motion. To advance in that direction, we have started to look at a diphasic fluid representation of granular matter, where a Newtonian fluid and the solid phase are fully coupled, while the nonsmooth Drucker-Prager rheology for the solid phase is enforced implicitly  29. This first approach could be a starting point for modelling immersed granulars in a liquid, or ash clouds, for instance.

A long path then remains to be achieved, if one wants to take into account long fibres instead of isotropic grains in the solid phase. How to couple the fibre elasticity with our current formulation remains a challenging problem.

3.3 Inverse design of slender elastic structures [ERC Gem ]

With the considerable advance of automatic image-based capture in Computer Vision and Computer Graphics these latest years, it becomes now affordable to acquire quickly and precisely the full 3D geometry of many mechanical objects featuring intricate shapes. Yet, while more and more geometrical data get collected and shared among the communities, there is currently very little study about how to infer the underlying mechanical properties of the captured objects merely from their geometrical configurations.

An important challenge consists in developing a non-invasive method for inferring the mechanical properties of complex objects from a minimal set of geometrical poses, in order to predict their dynamics. In contrast to classical inverse reconstruction methods, our claim is that 1/ the mere geometrical shape of physical objects reveals a lot about their underlying mechanical properties and 2/ this property can be fully leveraged for a wide range of objects featuring rich geometrical configurations, such as slender structures subject to contact and friction (e.g., folded cloth or twined filaments).

In addition to significant advances in fast image-based measurement of diverse mechanical materials stemming from physics, biology, or manufacturing, this research is expected in the long run to ease considerably the design of physically realistic virtual worlds, as well as to boost the creation of dynamic human doubles.

To achieve this goal, we shall develop an original inverse modelling strategy based upon the following research topics:

Design of well-suited discrete models for slender structures

We believe that the quality of the upstream, reference physics-based model is essential to the effective connection between geometry and mechanics. Typically, such a model should properly account for the nonlinearities due to large displacements of the structures, as well as to the nonsmooth effects typical of contact and friction.

It should also be parametrised and discretised in such a way that inversion gets simplified mathematically, possibly avoiding the huge cost of large and nonconvex optimisation. In that sense, unlike concurrent methods which impose inverse methods to be compatible with a generic physics-based model, we instead advocate the design of specific physics-based models which are tailored for the inversion process.

More precisely, from our experience on fibre modelling, we believe that reduced Lagrangian models, based on a minimal set of coordinates and physical parameters (as opposed to maximal coordinates models such as mass-springs), are particularly well-suited for inversion and physical interpretation of geometrical data  32, 31. Furthermore, choosing a high-order coordinate system (e.g., curvatures instead of angles) allows for a precise handling of curved boundaries and contact geometry, as well as the simplification of constitutive laws (which are transformed into a linear equation in the case of rods). We are currently investigating high-order discretisation schemes for elastic ribbons and developable shells  21, 2.

Static inversion of physical objects from geometrical poses

We believe that pure static inversion may by itself reveal many insights regarding a range of parameters such as the undeformed configuration of the object, some material parameters or contact forces.

The typical settings that we consider is composed of, on the one hand, a reference mechanical model of the object of interest, and on the other hand a single or a series of complete geometrical poses corresponding each to a static equilibrium. The core challenge consists in analyzing theoretically and practically the amount of information that can be gained from one or several geometrical poses, and to understand how the fundamental under-determinacy of the inverse problem can be reduced, for each unknown quantity (parameter or force) at play. Both the equilibrium condition and the stability criterion of the equilibrium are leveraged towards this goal. On the theoretical side, we have recently shown that a given 3D curve always matches the centerline of an isotropic suspended Kirchhoff rod at equilibrium under gravity, and that the natural configuration of the rod is unique once material parameters (mass, Young modulus) are fixed 1. On the practical side, we have recently devised a robust algorithm to find a valid natural configuration for a discrete shell to match a given surface under gravity and frictional contact forces 4. Unlike rods however, shells can have multiple inverse (natural) configurations. Choosing among the multiple solutions based on some selection criteria is an open challenge. Another open issue, in all cases, is the theoretical characterisation of material parameters allowing the equilibrium to be stable.

Dynamic inversion of physical objects from geometrical poses

To refine the solution subspaces searched for in the static case and estimate dynamic parameters (e.g., some damping coefficients), a dynamic inversion process accounting for the motion of the object of interest is necessary.

In contrast to the static case where we can afford to rely on exact geometrical poses, our analysis in the dynamic case will have to take into account the imperfect quality of input data with possible missing parts or outliers. One interesting challenge will be to combine our high-order discretised physics-based model together with the acquisition process in order to refine both the parameter estimation and the geometrical acquisition. Our pluridisciplinary work 6 gives encouraging results regarding the ability to recover material parameters and friction coefficient from merely visual observations of elastic bodies in motion.

Experimental validation with respect to real data

The goal will be to confront the theories developed above to real experiments. Compared to the statics, the dynamic case will be particularly involving as it will be highly dependent on the quality of input data as well as the accuracy of the motion predicted by our physics-based simulators. Such experiments will not only serve to refine our direct and inverse models, but will also be leveraged to improve the 3D geometrical acquisition of moving objects. Besides, once validation will be performed, we shall work on the setting up of new non-invasive measurement protocols to acquire physical parameters of slender structures from a minimal amount of geometrical configurations. Our recent publication on validation benchmarks 7 represents a first important milestone towards this research direction.

4 Application domains

4.1 Mechanical Engineering

Many physicists and mathematicians have strived for centuries to understand the principles governing those complex mechanical phenomena, providing a number of continuous models for slender structures, granular matter, and frictional contact. In the XX th century, industrial applications such as process automatization and new ways of transportation have boosted the fields of Mechanical Engineering and Computer-Aided Design, where material strength, reliability of mechanisms, and safety, standed for the main priorities. Instead, large displacements of structures, buckling, tearing, or entanglement, and even dynamics, were long considered as undesirable behaviors, thus restraining the search for corresponding numerical models.

Only recently, the engineering industry has shown some new and growing interest into the modeling of dynamic phenomena prone to large displacements, contact and friction. For instance, the cosmetology industry is more and more interested in understanding the nonlinear deformation of hair and skin, with the help of simulation. Likewise, auto and aircraft manufacturers are facing new challenges involving buckling or entanglement of thin structures such as carbon or optical fibers; they clearly lack predictive, robust and efficient numerical tools for simulating and optimizing their new manufacturing process, which share many common features with the large-scale simulation scenarii traditionally studied in Computer Graphics applications.

4.2 Computer Graphics

In contrast, Computer Graphics, which has emerged in the 60's with the advent of modern computers, was from the very beginning eager to capture such peculiar phenomena, with the sole aim to produce spectacular images and create astonishing stories. At the origin, Computer Graphics thus drastically departed from other scientific fields. Everyday-life phenomena such as cloth buckling, paper tearing, or hair fluttering in the wind, mostly ignored by other scientists at that time, became actual topics of interest, involving a large set of new research directions to be explored, both in terms of modelling and simulation. Nowadays, although the image production still remains the core activity of the Computer Graphics community, more and more research studies are directed through the virtual and real prototyping of mechanical systems, notably driven by a myriad of new applications in the virtual try on industry (e.g., hairstyling and garment fitting). Furthermore, the advent of additive fabrication is currently boosting research in the free design of new mechanisms or systems for various applications, from architecture design and fabrication of metamaterials to the creation of new locomotion modes in robotics. Some obvious common interests and approaches are thus emerging between Computer Graphics and Mechanical Engineering, yet the two communities remain desperately compartmentalized.

4.3 Soft Matter Physics

From the physics-based viewpoint, since a few decades a new generation of physicists became interested again in the understanding of such visually fascinating phenomena, and started investigating the tight links between geometry and elasticity 2. Common objects such as folded or torn paper, twined plants, coiled honey threads, or human hair have thus regained some popularity among the community in Nonlinear Physics 3. In consequence, phenomena of interest have become remarkably close to those of Computer Graphics, since scientists in both places share the common goal to model complex and integrated mechanical phenomena at the macroscopic scale. Of course, the goals and employed methodologies differ substantially from one community to the other, but showcase some evident complementarity: while computer scientists are eager to learn and understand new physical models, physicists get more and more interested in the numerical tools, in which they perceive not only a means to confirm predictions afterwards, but also a support for testing new hypothesis and exploring scenarios that would be too cumbersome or even impossible to investigate experimentally. Besides, numerical exploration starts becoming a valuable tool for getting insights into the search for analytic solutions, thus fully participating to the modeling stage and physical understanding. However, physicists may be limited to a blind usage of numerical black boxes, which may furthermore not be dedicated to their specific needs. According to us, promoting a science of modeling in numerical physics would thus be a promising and rich avenue for the two research fields. Unfortunately, very scarce cooperation currently exists between the two communities, and large networks of collaboration still need to be set up.

5 Social and environmental responsibility

5.1 Footprint of research activities

The Elan team is environment-sensitive. Since its creation in 2017, 100% of its research staff moves daily from home to the lab using soft transportation means (biking, public transportation). Intercontinental missions are limited while train is the preferred mode of transportation in Europe.

5.2 Impact of research results

A large part of the research conducted in the team is of fundamental level. Direct applications lie in numerical arts, cloth design, sports, and environmental studies, all of these being of limited negative impact for the environment. Collaborations with industry leading specially harmful activities to the environment are avoided.

6 Highlights of the year

6.1 Renewal of the Graphyz workshop

Graphyz is the first international workshop at the interface between Computer Graphics, Mechanical Engineering and Soft Matter Physics. It was co-founded in 2019 by F. Bertails-Descoubes together with Basile Audoly (École Polytechnique), and organised in October 2019 by the Elan team at Inria Grenoble. Encouraged by the success of this first edition, we have renewed the event in October 2022 at the Saline Royale of Arc et Senans (co-program chairs: F. Bertails-Descoubes, Basile Audoly, Mélina Skouras (Inria Grenoble, Anima) and B. Roman (ESPCI)). This second edition has again attracted many prestigious leaders of the two involved communities. In addition to the program chairing, the whole Elan team has largely participated to the practical organisation of the event on-site. In the future we plan to continue managing the organisation of Graphyz and contribute to its blooming on a every three year basis.

We thank the Saline Royale of Arc et Senans, Inria, Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann, PERSYVAL-2, Laboratoire Systèmes et Ingénierie du Plateau de Saclay, and the GdR Mephy, for their financial contribution to Graphyz 2. We are also grateful to the administrative staff of the Saline Royale and Inria Grenoble for their help in the practical organisation of the event.

6.2 Awards

Mickaël Ly was awarded the Second Ph.D prize (accessit) by the national Groupement de Recherche IG-RV in 2022, for his PhD defended in September 2021 in the Elan teams, under the supervision of Florence Bertails-Descoubes and Mélina Skouras (EPI Anima).

6.3 First Inria evaluation of Elan

In 2022, Elan was evaluated for the first time by the Inria evaluation procedure. Reviews were all positive and the team has been reconducted for 4 more years.

7 New software and platforms

7.1 New software

7.1.1 Feel++

  • Keywords:
    High order finite elements, Discontinuous Galerkin, High-Performance Computing
  • Functional Description:
    Feel++ is a high-performance C++ library for the resolution of general variational formulations, including continuous and discontinuous Galerkin methods, finite element or spectral element methods, reduced basis formulations, etc. It features a high-level domain specific embedded language (DSEL) for Galerkin methods, space dimension-agnostic computation kernels and seamless and automatic parallelism. It also includes applicative toolboxes to solve physics problems in fluid mechanics, solid mechanics, thermal conduction, and the corresponding multi-physics coupling.
  • Release Contributions:
    - Enable adaptive remeshing - Optimisation of automatic parallelism (for export and degrees of freedom management) - Add automatic computation of simulation statistics
  • URL:
  • Contact:
    Thibaut Metivet
  • Partners:
    Université de Strasbourg, UGA, Inria

7.1.2 Sand6

  • Keywords:
    Granular matter, Frictional contact, Drücker-Prager rheology
  • Scientific Description:
    sand6 is a software to simulate the dynamics of granular matter using a continuum approach accounting for non-smooth flow rules. It is based on the nonsmooth Material Point Method described in [DBD16a] and is currently maintained and developed in the team for various aspects related to the modeling of frictional contact in continuous systems.
  • Functional Description:
    Simulation of granular matter as a continuum media
  • Release Contributions:
    This software contains a C++ implementation of the algorithms described in the 2016 ACM SIGGRAPH paper entitled "A Semi-Implicit Material Point Method for the Continuum Simulation of Granular Materials" by Gilles Daviet and Florence Bertails-Descoubes. It is currently maintained and further developed by Thibaut Métivet.
  • URL:
  • Publications:
  • Contact:
    Thibaut Metivet
  • Participants:
    Thibaut Metivet, Florence Bertails Descoubes, Gilles Daviet

7.1.3 MERCI

  • Name:
    Energy Minimisation of Curvature-based numerical models for Inextensible Ribbons
  • Keywords:
    Thin elastic rod, Thin elastic ribbon, Physical simulation
  • Scientific Description:

    MERCI is a C++/lua software for computing the statics of thin elastic ribbons discretised with curvature-based elements. It is based on the super-ribbon model described in [Charrondière et al. 2020, Charrondière et al. 2022], and relies on the free [IPOPT](https://coin-or.github.io/Ipopt/) optimisation software (coinor project) for the static solver. The ribbon can be clamped at one or both ends, and even closed. Contact is treated by contraints with planes. Once the setup is defined, the equilibrium of the ribbon under the specified boundary conditions, external forces, and constraints, is computed. MERCI can be used as a C++ library, or via its lua interface.

    Reference code of the PhD thesis:

    Raphaël Charrondière, "Modélisation numérique de rubans par éléments en courbures", 2021, Université Grenoble Alpes, https://hal.inria.fr/tel-03545017v2

    and of the following papers:

    R. Charrondière, F. Bertails-Descoubes, S. Neukirch, V. Romero, "Numerical modeling of inextensible elastic ribbons with curvature-based elements", Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 364, June 2020, p. 1–32, [doi:10.1016/j.cma.2020.112922], [hal-02515877].

    R. Charrondière, S. Neukirch, F. Bertails-Descoubes, "MERCI: Mixed curvature-based elements for computing equilibria of thin elastic ribbons", to appear in 2022.

  • Functional Description:

    MERCI is a C++/lua software for computing the statics of thin elastic ribbons discretised with curvature-based elements. It is based on the super-ribbon model described in [Charrondière et al. 2020, Charrondière et al. 2022], and relies on the free [IPOPT](https://coin-or.github.io/Ipopt/) optimisation software (coinor project) for the static solver. The ribbon can be clamped at one or both ends, and even closed. Contact is treated by contraints with planes. Once the setup is defined, the equilibrium of the ribbon under the specified boundary conditions, external forces, and constraints, is computed. MERCI can be used as a C++ library, or via its lua interface.

    Reference code of the PhD thesis:

    Raphaël Charrondière, "Modélisation numérique de rubans par éléments en courbures", 2021, Université Grenoble Alpes, https://hal.inria.fr/tel-03545017v2

    and of the following papers:

    R. Charrondière, F. Bertails-Descoubes, S. Neukirch, V. Romero, "Numerical modeling of inextensible elastic ribbons with curvature-based elements", Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 364, June 2020, p. 1–32, [doi:10.1016/j.cma.2020.112922], [hal-02515877].

    R. Charrondière, S. Neukirch, F. Bertails-Descoubes, "MERCI: Mixed curvature-based elements for computing equilibria of thin elastic ribbons", to appear in 2022.

  • Publication:
  • Authors:
    Raphael Charrondiere, Raphael Charrondiere, Raphael Charrondiere, Florence Descoubes, Sébastien Neukirch
  • Contact:
    Florence Bertails Descoubes
  • Partners:
    Sorbonne Université, UGA

7.1.4 MECHE

  • Name:
    Modeling the Entanglement between fibers
  • Keywords:
    Frictional contact, Thin elastic rod
  • Functional Description:
    Software plateform for computing the dynamics of fiber assemblies sub- ject to frictional contact (derived from DynamicHair3D). Includes in particular the reference implementation of the super-helix model [BAC+06] and nonsmooth frictional contact algorithms [DBDB11].
  • Release Contributions:
    - Unclamped thin elastic rods - New collision detection - Mixed Hertz and constraint-based software
  • Authors:
    Florence Descoubes, Emile Hohnadel
  • Contact:
    Florence Bertails Descoubes

7.1.5 ElanFab

  • Keywords:
    Experimental mechanics, Experimental design, Thin elastic ribbon, Thin elastic rod, Thin elastic shell, Frictional contact
  • Functional Description:

    Experimental platform of the ELAN team. Fabrication in silicone of thin elastic rods with controlled radius, stiffness, and natural curliness. 3D reconstruction of their sus- pended shape, using 2 cameras and a mirror view. Accompanying software for image processing.

    Traction cyclic test are performed in complex materials with accurate force measurements to model its mechanical response.

  • Author:
    Victor Romero Gramegna
  • Contact:
    Victor Romero Gramegna

7.1.6 so-bogus

  • Keywords:
    Frictional contact, Constraint solving
  • Scientific Description:
    The so-bogus library, based on the bogus library, implements several methods (analytical solver, Gauss-Seidel solver, root-finding solver, etc.) for solving Signorini-Coulomb problems in 2D and 3D. It serves as the reference code for the paper "A Hybrid Iterative Solver for Robustly Capturing Coulomb Friction in Hair Dynamics", Daviet et al. 2011, ACM Transactions on Graphics (SIGGRAPH Asia 2011).
  • Functional Description:

    A fast and robust solver for capturing frictional contact between many Lagrangian systems with exact Coulomb friction. Reference code for the paper "A Hybrid Iterative Solver for Robustly Capturing Coulomb Friction in Hair Dynamics", Daviet et al. 2011, ACM Transactions on Graphics (SIGGRAPH Asia 2011).

    The so-bogus software is currently maintained and further developed by Thibaut Métivet and Florence Bertails-Descoubes.

  • URL:
  • Publication:
  • Contact:
    Thibaut Metivet
  • Participants:
    Florence Descoubes, Thibaut Metivet, Gilles Daviet

7.2 New platforms

7.2.1 ElanFab: experimental platform

Participants: Victor Romero.

Keywords:

Experimental mechanics, Experimental design, Thin elastic ribbon, Thin elastic rod, Thin elastic shell, Frictional contact, Mechanical tests, Microscopic modelling

Functional Description:

Thanks to the support of Inria's administration with a sizable budgetary allocation, we have enhanced our experimental capabilities by the inclusion of Leica microscope, new force and torque sensors, more powerful traction motors and a fast camera.

These new capabilities are already in use for our ongoing work. In particular: we are testing with high accuracy the mechanical properties of complex materials, while at the same time studying how such properties are driven by the micro structure. Also, we are finishing our work in the reconstruction and geometrical characterisation of this elastic objects. Finally, we plan to start the study of assemblies of elastic multi-body frictional media.

8 New results

8.1 Nonsmooth simulations of 3D Drucker-Prager granular flows and validation against experimental column collapses

Participants: Thibaut Métivet, Florence Bertails-Descoubes.

In collaboration with Gauthier Rousseau (TU Wien, formerly post-doc in the team), Hugo Rousseau (INRAE) and Gilles Daviet (NVIDIA, formerly PhD student in the team), we have performed thorough comparisons between the predictions of our numerical solver Sand6 for granular flows 7.1.2, and collapse experiments conducted in a narrow channel (in collaboration with EPFL). We have shown that our nonsmooth simulator, which relies on a constant friction coefficient corresponding to the yield angle of a granular heap, is able to reproduce with high fidelity various experimental granular collapses over inclined erodible beds. Our results, obtained for two different granular materials and for various bed inclinations, suggest that a simple constant friction rheology choice remains reasonable for capturing a large variety of unsteady granular flows at low inertial number. Using the versatility of our numerical approach, we have further analysed the possible biases pertaining to laboratory-scale experiments, and shown that, in the case of granular collapses, accurate predictions could be performed as long as care was taken in measuring yield angle of the granular material appropriately. This study has been submitted for publication 15.

8.2 Randomly stacked open-cylindrical shells as a functional mechanical device

Participants: Emile Hohnadel, Thibaut Métivet, Florence Bertails-Descoubes.

In collaboration with Tomohiko Sano (Keio University), we have studied the mechanical behaviour of open cylindrical shells, randomly stacked in 2D configurations. Using both numerical simulations (relying on our validated curvature-based fibre model with non-smooth frictional contact 7) and experiments, we have shown that despite the randomness of the configurations, the stacked shells exhibit robust macroscopic dissipative properties, involving complex interplay between elasticity and friction, which control the occurrence of snap-fit events at the micro-scale. Our results demonstrate that the rearrangement of flexible components could yield versatile but predictive mechanical responses, paving the way to new kinds of metamaterials. These results have been presented at the ESMC 2022 international conference 13 and submitted for publication  43.

8.3 Estimation of friction coefficients in cloth

Participants: Haroon Rasheed, Victor Romero, Florence Bertails-Descoubes.

Following our work on the estimation of friction between a cloth sample and a substrate, we have published, in collaboration with Haroon Rasheed (former PhD student of the team), Stefanie Wuhrer (EPI Morphéo), Jean-Sébastien Franco (EPI Morphéo) and Arnaud Lazarus (Sorbonne Université), the extension to cloth-to-cloth friction estimation in the journal IEEE PAMI 8. The method relies on a neural network trained only on simulated data (yielded by our cloth simulator Argus), after a careful validation of the simulator. From this trained network, we were able to predict on a real experiment both the material class of the cloth samples as well as the friction coefficient at the interplay, with a good level of prediction.

The latter paper, where we have evidenced the influence of the predictibility of the simulator on the accuracy of the network, also marked a turning point in our research interests, as now we consider the physical validation of numerical models as a major research axis in the Elan team.

8.4 Lateral Indentation of a Thin Elastic Film.

Participant: Victor Romero.

In collaboration with Enrique Cerda, Eugenio Hamm, from Universidad de Santiago de Chile, and Miguel Trejo from Universidad de Buenos Aires, we published a paper 9 where we present an experimental setup for testing thin-film materials by studying the lateral indentation of a narrow opening cut into a film, triggering a cascade of buckling events. We showed that the force response F is dominated by bending and stretching effects for small displacements and slowly varies with indenter displacement Fd2/5, to finally reach a wrinkled state that results in a robust nonlinear asymptotic relation, Fd4. We present experiments with films of various thicknesses and material properties, and numerical simulations to confirm our analysis defining an order parameter that accounts for the different response regimes observed in experiments and simulations.

8.5 Simulation of printed-on-fabric assemblies.

Participant: Victor Romero.

In collaboration with Mélina Skouras (EPI Anima), David Jourdan, Adrien Bousseau (EPI GraphDeco), and Etienne Vouga (University of Texas at Austin), we have published  10.

Printing-on-fabric is an affordable and practical method for creating self-actuated deployable surfaces: thin strips of plastic are deposited on top of a pre-stretched piece of fabric using a commodity 3D printer. We present a new simulation method to obtain the rest shape of such structures. To obtain meaningful results, we have to properly estimate the mechanical behaviour of both, the fabric we use and the printing plastic. We perform cyclic traction measurement in spandex, material used for our validation, in different directions to characterize its anisotropy and disipative properties. We also use the cantiliver experiment for studying the bending behavior and obtain coherent value with that from the traction test. Finally we perform traction test for the printing plastic. We validate our model by comparing the output of our simulations with physical realizations of printed patterns on spandex.

8.6 Frictional three-point bending test: disentangling the role of friction through real and numerical experiments

Participants: Emile Hohnadel, Thibaut Métivet, Florence Bertails-Descoubes.

In collaboration with Joël Marthelot, Ignacio Andrade-Silva and Olivier Pouliquen (IUSTI, Aix Marseille Université), we have investigated the role of friction in the well-known three-point bending test, traditionally used to measure the bending modulus of slender structures. By performing experiments and numerical simulations, both compared to our new theoretical model, we have devised an efficient protocol to disentangle the respective roles of elasticity and friction in the force response of an indented rod lying on frictional supports, thereby allowing accurate and independent measurements of both the bending modulus and the friction coefficient of the considered material. This work has been presented at the ESMC 2022 international conference 12, and an article is in preparation.

9 Partnerships and cooperations

9.1 International collaborations

  • Long-term collaboration with Rahul Narain (IIT Delhi, India).
  • Long-term collaboration with Enrique Cerda (Universidad de Santiago, Chile).
  • Long-term collaboration with Eugenio Hamm (Universidad de Santiago, Chile).
  • Long-term collaboration with Miguel Trejo (Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina).
  • Collaboration with Mélina Skouras (EPI Anima, Inria Grenoble).
  • Collaboration with David Jourdan (EPI GraphDeco, Inria Sophia Antipolis).
  • Collaboration with Adrien Bousseau (EPI GraphDeco, Inria Sophia Antipolis).
  • Collaboration with Etienne Vouga (University of Texas at Austin).
  • Collaboration with Theodore Kim (Yale, USA).
  • Collaboration with Tomohiko Sano (Dept of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, Sigma Lab,Japan).
Visits of international scientists

In the context of the international Graphyz 2 event (see 6.1 for more details), the Elan team has invited five international keynote speakers to France: Ken Museth (NVIDIA, USA), Steve Marschner (Cornell, USA), Hillel Aharoni (Weizmann Institute of Science, Israël), Chris Wojtan (ISTA, Austria), and Corentin Coulais (University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands).

9.2 European initiatives

9.2.1 H2020 projects

Participants: Florence Bertails-Descoubes.

GEM
  • Title:
    from GEometry to Motion, inverse modeling of complex mechanical structures
  • Duration:
    September 2015 - February 2022
  • Coordinator:
    Inria
  • Principal Investigator:
    Florence Bertails-Descoubes
  • Summary:
    With the considerable advance of automatic image-based capture in Computer Vision and Computer Graphics these latest years, it becomes now affordable to acquire quickly and precisely the full 3D geometry of many mechanical objects featuring intricate shapes. Yet, while more and more geometrical data get collected and shared among the communities, there is currently very little study about how to infer the underlying mechanical properties of the captured objects merely from their geometrical configurations. The GEM challenge consists in developing a non-invasive method for inferring the mechanical properties of complex objects from a minimal set of geometrical poses, in order to predict their dynamics. In contrast to classical inverse reconstruction methods, my proposal is built upon the claim that 1/ the mere geometrical shape of physical objects reveals a lot about their underlying mechanical properties and 2/ this property can be fully leveraged for a wide range of objects featuring rich geometrical configurations, such as slender structures subject to frictional contact (e.g., folded cloth or twined filaments). To achieve this goal, we shall develop an original inverse modeling strategy based upon a/ the design of reduced and high-order discrete models for slender mechanical structures including rods, plates and shells, b/ a compact and well-posed mathematical formulation of our nonsmooth inverse problems, both in the static and dynamic cases, c/ the design of robust and efficient numerical tools for solving such complex problems, and d/ a thorough experimental validation of our methods relying on the most recent capturing tools. In addition to significant advances in fast image-based measurement of diverse mechanical materials stemming from physics, biology, or manufacturing, this research is expected in the long run to ease considerably the design of physically realistic virtual worlds, as well as to boost the creation of dynamic human doubles.
  • Results:
    See the Gem website.
THREAD

Participants: Florence Bertails-Descoubes, Thibaut Métivet.

(THREAD project on cordis.europa.eu)
  • Title:
    Joint Training on Numerical Modelling of Highly Flexible Structures for Industrial Applications
  • Duration:
    From October 1, 2019 to March 31, 2024
  • Role:
    Inria and the Elan team play the role of external partners for this project.
  • Partners:
    • UNIVERSITE DE LIEGE (ULIEGE), Belgium
    • ECOLE NATIONALE SUPERIEURE D'ARTS ET METIERS (ENSAM), France
    • FRIEDRICH-ALEXANDER-UNIVERSITAET ERLANGEN-NUERNBERG (FAU), Germany
    • MARTIN-LUTHER-UNIVERSITAT HALLE-WITTENBERG (MLU), Germany
    • FRAUNHOFER GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER ANGEWANDTEN FORSCHUNG EV (FHG), Germany
    • SVEUCILISTE U RIJECI, GRADEVINSKI FAKULTET U RIJECI (UNIVERSITY OF RIJEKA, FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING UNIRIFCE), Croatia
    • C3M DOO, CENTER ZA RACUNALNISTVO VMEHANIKI KONTINUUMA - MODELIRANJE IN TRZENJE (C3M DOO), Slovenia
    • UNIVERSITAET INNSBRUCK (UIBK), Austria
    • CENTRALESUPELEC (CentraleSupélec), France
    • NORGES TEKNISK-NATURVITENSKAPELIGE UNIVERSITET NTNU (NTNU), Norway
    • UNIVERZA V LJUBLJANI (UL), Slovenia
    • UNIVERSIDAD DE SEVILLA, Spain
  • Inria contact:
    Florence DESCOUBES
  • Coordinator:
    Martin Arnold
  • Summary:

    Virtual prototyping is a cornerstone in modern product development cycles: It accelerates the design process, reduces costs and improves product performance and quality. Highly flexible slender structures like yarns, cables, hoses or ropes are essential parts of high-performance engineering systems. The complex response of such structures in real operational conditions is far beyond the capabilities of current virtual prototyping tools.

    There is a pressing need for a new generation of young scientists capable of solving fundamental problems related to slender structures and transferring results to applications. THREAD addresses the mechanical modelling, mathematical formulations and numerical methods for highly flexible slender structures. It brings mechanical engineers and mathematicians together around major challenges in industrial applications and open-source simulation software development. It establishes an innovative modelling chain starting from detailed 3D modelling and experimental work to build validated 1D nonlinear rod models, which are then brought to a system-level simulation thanks to the outstanding numerical properties of the developed algorithms. This holistic approach combines advanced concepts in experimental and theoretical structural mechanics, non-smooth dynamics, computational geometry, discretisation methods and geometric numerical integration and will enable the next generation of virtual prototyping.

    The ESRs will receive comprehensive local and network-wide training covering state-of-the-art research topics as well as valuable transferable skills. They will benefit from close cooperation with twelve industrial partner organisations implementing a comprehensive programme of research secondments and contributing their experience. As a main objective of THREAD, interdisciplinary and inter-sectoral training boosts the career development of young researchers and supports them to solve future challenges.

9.3 National initiatives

FISHSIF ANR Project

Participants: Thibaut Métivet.

  • Title:
    FISHSIF: Fish In Silico with Hydrodynamics and Social Forces
  • Duration:
    01/10/2021 - 31/03/2025
  • Summary:
    The FISHSIF project has received a three-year funding from the ANR (Agence Nationale pour la Recherche). The goal of this project is to introduce dynamical cognition models within full hydrodynamic simulations in order to understand the role played by social or flow interactions in the organisation and behaviour of schools of fish. The project will be led in a collaboration between the ELAN team, the Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique (LIPhy, UGA/CNRS) and the Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC, UGA/CNRS).
  • Partners:
    • Elan Inria project-team
    • Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique (LIPhy), Université Grenoble-Alpes (UGA)
    • Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC), Université Grenoble-Alpes (UGA)
National collaborations
  • Long-term collaboration with Arnaud Lazarus and Sébastien Neukirch (Institut Jean le Rond d'Alembert, Sorbonne Université).
  • Long-term collaboration with Christophe Prud'homme and Vincent Chabannes (Université de Strasbourg and Centre de modélisation et de simulation de Strasbourg).
  • Collaboration with Olivier Pouliquen and Joël Marthelot (IUSTI, Aix-Marseille University).
  • Collaboration with Philippe Peyla, Aurélie Dupont (LIPhy, UGA/CNRS) and Christian Graff (LPNC, UGA/CNRS) within the FISHSIF project.
Regional collaborations
  • Collaboration with Mélina Skouras (Inria/LJK - Anima team).
  • Collaboration with Stefanie Wuhrer and Jean-Sébastien Franco (Inria/LJK - Morphéo team).

.

10 Dissemination

10.1 Promoting scientific activities

10.1.1 Scientific events: organisation

General chair, scientific chair

Florence Bertails-Descoubes was co-chair and co-organiser of the Graphyz 2022 workshop held at the Saline Royale of Arc-et-Sénans. See details in Section 6.1.

Member of the conference program committees

Florence Bertails-Descoubes was a Conflict-of-Interest (CoI) Coordinator for the ACM Siggraph 2022 Technical Papers program.

10.1.2 Journal

Member of the editorial boards

Since 2021, Florence Bertails-Descoubes is Associate Editor of ACM Transactions on Graphics.

Reviewer - reviewing activities
  • Siggraph (ACM, accepted papers published in Transactions on Graphics)
  • Siggraph Asia (ACM, accepted papers published in Transactions on Graphics)
  • Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids (JMPS, Elsevier)
  • Extreme Mechanics Letters (EML, Elsevier)

10.1.3 Invited talks

  • October 2022: Prospective seminar at Académie des Sciences (section interdisciplinaire), Paris (Florence Bertails-Descoubes)
  • October 2022: Duet keynote at Graphyz 2022 (Florence Bertails-Descoubes, in duet with Sébastien Neukirch, Sorbonne Université)

10.1.4 Research administration

Ph.D. Award Committees
  • Florence Bertails-Descoubes was member of the international ACM Siggraph Ph.D. award in 2022.
  • Florence Bertails-Descoubes was member of the national GdR IG-RV Ph.D. award in 2022.
National Selection Committees
  • Florence Bertails-Descoubes was member of the 2022 Jury d'Admission for the national concours "Directeurs de Recherche de Deuxième Classe".

10.2 Teaching - Supervision - Juries

10.2.1 Teaching

Licence
  • Alexandre Teixeira da Silva : Introduction au calcul scientifique, 18h + 6h, L1, Université Grenoble Alpes
  • Emile Hohnadel : Langages et automates, 27h, L2, Université Grenoble Alpes
  • Jean Jouve : Méthodes numériques de bases, 33h, Ensimag 1A, Grenoble INP.
  • Jean Jouve : Introduction au calcul scientifique, 18h + 6h, L1, DLST.
  • Victor Romero : Electromagnétisme et optique pour la chimie, PHY405, 33h, DLST, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble.
  • Thibaut Metivet and Florence Bertails-Descoubes : Encadrement d'Initiation à la Recherche, 6h, Ensimag 2A, Grenoble INP.
Master
  • Thibaut Metivet , Florence Bertails-Descoubes and Jean Jouve : Mécanique Numérique, 33h, Ensimag 3A, Grenoble INP.

10.2.2 Supervision

Post-Doctorate
  • Bruno Ventéjou: 01/05/2022-, supervised by Thibaut Metivet and Philippe Peyla (LIPhy, UGA)
Ph.D.
  • Alexandre Teixeira : 01/02/2021-, supervised by Florence Bertails-Descoubes , Thibaut Metivet and Mélina Skouras (Anima, Inria GRA)
  • Emile Hohnadel : 01/09/2021-, supervised by Florence Bertails-Descoubes and Thibaut Metivet
  • Jean Jouve : 01/09/2021-, supervised by Florence Bertails-Descoubes and Victor Romero
Internship
  • Octave Crespel : 28/02/2022-19/08/2022, supervised by Florence Bertails-Descoubes and Thibaut Metivet

10.2.3 Juries

  • Victor Romero : Invited jury member for the PhD defense of David Jourdan, March 29th 2022, at Université Côte d'Azur, Sophia Antipolis, Alpes-Maritimes.
  • Thibaut Metivet : Invited jury member for the Master Thesis defense of Celine Van Landeghem, August 26th 2022 at Université de Strasbourg.

11 Scientific production

11.1 Major publications

11.2 Publications of the year

International journals

International peer-reviewed conferences

  • 10 inproceedingsD.David Jourdan, V.Victor Romero, E.Etienne Vouga, A.Adrien Bousseau and M.Mélina Skouras. Simulation of printed-on-fabric assemblies.SCF 2022 - 7th annual ACM Symposium on Computational FabricationSeattle, United StatesACMOctober 2022, 1-11

National peer-reviewed Conferences

Conferences without proceedings

Reports & preprints

11.3 Cited publications

  • 16 articleB.B. Audoly and S.S. Neukirch. Fragmentation of Rods by Cascading Cracks: Why Spaghetti Does Not Break in Half.Physical Review Letters9592005, 095505
  • 17 inproceedingsD.D. Baraff. Analytical methods for dynamic simulation of non-penetrating rigid bodies.Computer Graphics Proceedings (Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH'89 )New York, NY, USAACM1989, 223--232
  • 18 inproceedingsF.F. Bertails, B.B. Audoly, M.-P.M.-P. Cani, B.B. Querleux, F.F. Leroy and J.-L.J.-L. Lévêque. Modélisation de coiffures naturelles à partir des propriétés physiques du cheveu.Journées Francophones d'Informatique Graphique (AFIG)AFIG / EG-FranceStrasbourg, Francenov 2005
  • 19 articleF.F. Bertails. Linear Time Super-Helices.Computer Graphics Forum (Proc. Eurographics'09)282apr 2009, URL: http://www-ljk.imag.fr/Publications/Basilic/com.lmc.publi.PUBLI_Article@1203901df78_1d3cdaa/
  • 20 articleF.F. Bertails-Descoubes. Super-Clothoids.Computer Graphics Forum (Proc. Eurographics'12)312pt22012, 509--518URL: http://www.inrialpes.fr/bipop/people/bertails/Papiers/superClothoids.html
  • 21 inproceedingsA.Alejandro Blumentals, F.Florence Bertails-Descoubes and R.Romain Casati. Dynamics of a developable shell with uniform curvatures.The 4th Joint International Conference on Multibody System DynamicsMontréal, CanadaMay 2016
  • 22 phdthesisA.Alejandro Blumentals. Numerical modelling of thin elastic solids in contact.Université de Grenoble AlpesJuly 2017
  • 23 articleR.R. Casati and F.F. Bertails-Descoubes. Super Space Clothoids.ACM Transactions on Graphics (Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH'13)324July 2013, 48:1--48:12URL: http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2461912.2461962
  • 24 bookD.Dominique Chapelle and K.K.J. Bathe. The Finite Element Analysis of Shells - Fundamentals - Second Edition.Computational Fluid and Solid MechanicsSpringer2011, 410
  • 25 inproceedingsP.P. Cundall. A computer model for simulating progressive large scale movements of blocky rock systems. In Proceedings of the Symposium of the International Society of Rock Mechanics.Proceedings of the Symposium of the International Society of Rock Mechanics11971, 132--150
  • 26 articleG.Gilles Daviet and F.Florence Bertails-Descoubes. A semi-implicit material point method for the continuum simulation of granular materials.ACM Transactions on Graphics354July 2016, 13
  • 27 articleG.G. Daviet, F.F. Bertails-Descoubes and L.L. Boissieux. A hybrid iterative solver for robustly capturing Coulomb friction in hair dynamics.ACM Transactions on Graphics (Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH Asia'11)3062011, 139:1--139:12URL: http://www.inrialpes.fr/bipop/people/bertails/Papiers/hybridIterativeSolverHairDynamicsSiggraphAsia2011.html
  • 28 articleG.Gilles Daviet and F.Florence Bertails-Descoubes. Nonsmooth simulation of dense granular flows with pressure-dependent yield stress.Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics234April 2016, 15-35
  • 29 unpublishedG.Gilles Daviet and F.Florence Bertails-Descoubes. Simulation of Drucker--Prager granular flows inside Newtonian fluids.February 2017, working paper or preprint
  • 30 phdthesisG.G. Daviet. Modèles et algorithmes pour la simulation du contact frottant dans les matériaux complexes : application aux milieux fibreux et granulaires.Grenoble Alpes UniversitésDecember 2016
  • 31 articleA.A. Derouet-Jourdan, F.F. Bertails-Descoubes, G.G. Daviet and J.J. Thollot. Inverse Dynamic Hair Modeling with Frictional Contact.ACM Trans. Graph.326November 2013, 159:1--159:10URL: http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2508363.2508398
  • 32 articleA.A. Derouet-Jourdan, F.F. Bertails-Descoubes and J.J. Thollot. Stable Inverse Dynamic Curves.ACM Transactions on Graphics (Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH Asia'10 )296December 2010, 137:1--137:10URL: http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1882261.1866159
  • 33 articleM. A.Marcelo A. Dias and B.Basile Audoly. ``Wunderlich, Meet Kirchhoff'': A General and Unified Description of Elastic Ribbons and Thin Rods.Journal of Elasticity1191Apr 2015, 49--66URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10659-014-9487-0
  • 34 manualE. J.E. J. Doedel, R. C.R. C. Pfaffenroth, A. R.A. R. Chambodut, T. F.T. F. Fairgrieve, Y. A.Y. A. Kuznetsov, B. E.B. E. Oldeman, B.B. Sandstede and X.X. Wang. AUTO 2000: Continuation and Bifurcation Software for Ordinary Differential Equations (with HomCont).March 2006
  • 35 miscESPCI. Rencontre en l'honneur de Yves Pomeau, octobre 2016.https://www.sfpnet.fr/rencontre-celebrant-la-medaille-boltzmann-d-yves-pomeauESPCI2016, URL: https://www.sfpnet.fr/rencontre-celebrant-la-medaille-boltzmann-d-yves-pomeau
  • 36 articleI.I.A. Frigaard and C.C. Nouar. On the usage of viscosity regularisation methods for visco-plastic fluid flow computation.Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics1271April 2005, 1--26
  • 37 bookA. L.A. L. Gol'Denveizer. Theory of Elastic Thin Shells.Pergamon Press1961
  • 38 articleR. E.Raymond E. Goldstein, P. B.Patrick B. Warren and R. C.Robin C. Ball. Shape of a Ponytail and the Statistical Physics of Hair Fiber Bundles.Phys. Rev. Lett.1087Feb 2012, 078101URL: https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.078101
  • 39 articleM.M. Jean. The Non Smooth Contact Dynamics Method.Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering177Special issue on computational modeling of contact and friction, J.A.C. Martins and A. Klarbring, editors1999, 235-257
  • 40 articleJ.Jie Li, G.Gilles Daviet, R.Rahul Narain, F.Florence Bertails-Descoubes, M.Matthew Overby, G.George Brown and L.Laurence Boissieux. An Implicit Frictional Contact Solver for Adaptive Cloth Simulation.ACM Transactions on Graphics374August 2018, 1-15
  • 41 inproceedingsM.M. Moore and J.J. Wilhelms. Collision detection and response for computer animation.Computer Graphics Proceedings (Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH'88 )1988, 289--298
  • 42 articleD.D. Moulton, P.P. Grandgeorge and S.S. Neukirch. Stable elastic knots with no self-contact.Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids1162018, 33--53URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022509617310104
  • 43 articleT. G.Tomohiko G Sano, E.Emile Hohnadel, T.Toshiyuki Kawata, T.Thibaut Metivet and F.Florence Bertails-Descoubes. Randomly stacked open-cylindrical shells as a functional mechanical device.arXiv preprint arXiv:2301.078672023
  • 44 articleJ.J. Spillmann and M.M. Teschner. An Adaptive Contact Model for the Robust Simulation of Knots.Computer Graphics Forum272Proc. Eurographics'082008
  • 45 articleH.H. Sugiyama, J.J. Gertsmayr and A.A. Mikkola. Flexible Multibody Dynamics — Essential for Accurate Modeling in Multibody System Dynamics.Journal of Computational Nonlinear Dynamics91Novembler 2013
  1. 1Within this optimal control framework, our previous curvature-based methods can actually be interpreted as a special case of direct single shooting methods.
  2. 2In France this new trend was particularly stimulated by the work of Yves Pomeau, who convinced many young scientists to study the nonlinear physics of common objects such as paper, plants, or hair  35.
  3. 3It is however amusing to observe that research in these areas is quite successful in obtaining the IG Nobel prize  16, 38, thus still being considered as an exotic research topic by physicists.