Section: New Results

Confluence

In $\lambda \Pi$modulo, congruences are expressed by rewrite rules that must enjoy precise properties, notably confluence, strong normalization, and type preservation. A difficulty is that these properties depend on each other in calculi of dependent types. To break the circularity, confluence is usually proved separately on untyped terms. A another difficulty then arises : computation do not terminate on untyped terms. A result of van Oostrom allows to show confluence of non-terminating left-linear higher-order rules, provided their critical pairs are development closed. This result was used for the encodings of HOL, Matita, and Coq up to version 8.4. Encoding the most recent version of Coq requires rules for universes that are confluent on open terms, while confluence on ground terms sufficed before. The encoding we recently developed for this new version of Coq has higher-order rules which are not left-linear, use pattern matching modulo associativity, commutativity and identity, and whose (joinable) critical pairs are not development closed. We have therefore developed a new powerful result for proving confluence of that sort of rules provided non-linear variables can only be instantiated by first-order expressions [18], [19].