Section: Overall Objectives

Objectives

The MONC project-team aims at developing new mathematical models from partial differential equations and statistical methods and based on biological and medical knowledge. Our goal is ultimately to be able to help clinicians and/or biologists to better understand, predict or control the evolution of the disease and possibly evaluate the therapeutic response, in a clinical context or for pre-clinical studies. We develop patient-specific approaches (mainly based on medical images) as well as population-type approaches in order to take advantage of large databases.

In vivo modeling of tumors is limited by the amount of information available. However, recently, there have been dramatic increases in the scope and quality of patient-specific data from non-invasive imaging methods, so that several potentially valuable measurements are now available to quantitatively measure tumor evolution, assess tumor status as well as anatomical or functional details. Using different techniques from biology or imaging - such as CT scan, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or positron emission tomography (PET) - it is now possible to evaluate and define tumor status at different levels or scales: physiological, molecular and cellular.

In the meantime, the understanding of the biological mechanisms of tumor growth, including the influence of the micro-environment, has greatly increased. Medical doctors now have access to a wide spectrum of therapies (surgery, mini-invasive techniques, radiotherapies, chemotherapies, targeted therapies, immunotherapies...).

Our project aims at helping oncologists in their followup of patients via the development of novel quantitative methods for evaluation cancer progression. The idea is to build phenomenological mathematical models based on data obtained in the clinical imaging routine like CT scans, MRIs and PET scans. We therefore want to offer medical doctors patient-specific tumor evolution models, which are able to evaluate – on the basis of previously collected data and within the limits of phenomenological models – the time evolution of the pathology at subsequent times and the response to therapies. More precisely, our goal is to help clinicians answer the following questions thanks to our numerical tools:

1. When is it necessary to start a treatment?

2. What is the best time to change a treatment?

3. When to stop a treatment?

We also intend to incorporate real-time model information for improving the accuracy and efficacy of non invasive or micro-invasive tumor ablation techniques like acoustic hyperthermia, electroporation, radio-frequency, cryo-ablation and of course radiotherapies.

There is therefore a dire need of integrating biological knowledge into mathematical models based on clinical or experimental data. A major purpose of our project is also to create new mathematical models and new paradigms for data assimilation that are adapted to the biological nature of the disease and to the amount of multi-modal data available.